披萨实验室:如何在家制作新英格兰希腊风格的披萨

披萨实验室

致力于通过科学来揭开家庭披萨制作的奥秘。

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[Photographs: J. Kenji Lopez-Alt]

有一个很好的理由为什么希腊披萨(一种主要在新英格兰的“披萨屋”和“披萨屋”中发现的风格,这种风格不太受欢迎,原因是:这样的原因是:这不是很好

好的,让我修改该语句。它是通常不是很好。看,mostpizza, like那不勒斯or纽约风格甚至deep dish pizzaare still edible, and in fact quite good even when they aren't at the peak of their form. There's a reason the old saying that "pizza is like sex—even when it's bad, it's good,"* exists, but it fails to take into account Greek pizza, which is only ever good when it's not terrible. There's no real middle ground here.

*or was it the other way around?

For you scientific types, if we were to graph the absolute quality of a pizza based on its commitment to the form versus the way it tastes, we'd get curves something like this.

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因此,尽管在整体风味尺度上,一架6质量的那不勒斯比萨饼可能排名大约5,但6质量的希腊披萨仍然与1质量的希腊披萨一样糟糕。

换句话说,如果您的希腊披萨并不壮观,那就不值得吃。壮观是我们所追求的。

原型

希腊式派的概念非常简单。从富含一点橄榄油的标准披萨面团开始。将面团拉伸到涂有另一层油的钢或铝派锅中。上面搭配矮胖,煮熟的番茄酱加重调味的牛至,然后堆在大量奶酪上。在中等热的烤箱中烘烤(约500°F),直到煮熟。

But in order to be victorious, you must know and understand both your friends and your enemies.

让我们首先看一下希腊风格的披萨最常见的经历:

新英格兰希腊风格

[Photograph: Carey Jones]

Even without tasting it, the flaws are pretty obvious. We start with a crust that's so uniformly golden brown and fluffy looking that you don't need to imagine too hard to picture its dense-crumbed Wonderbread-like texture. Next we move on to a pale orange sauce that just screams "Spaghetti-O's!" Finally, we see a congealed, vast blanket of cheese. Rubbery, bland, and barely cooked.

毛,对吧?我花了太多的全夜在大学订购中。

另一方面,这是希腊披萨应该看起来像:

This is a pie from乔治的在斗篷上,到目前为止,这是我拥有的最好的希腊披萨。

我们首先从底部变脆的外壳开始,质地几乎是油炸的,这是有道理的,因为它本质上是。接下来,有一个浓密但没有厚实的西西里面包壳层,它使番茄酱肯定是在牛至煮熟且浓重的番茄酱,但具有足够的亮度才能真正发光。

最后,我们来到奶酪上,奶酪虽然非常厚,但完全融化了,从薄片上拉开了薄片,顶部表面上有相当多的褐变。奶酪刚刚开始分开,在每片的顶部留下了最微弱的橙色油。在大多数情况下,这种奶酪被称为重。在这里,我将其描述为慷慨。

酥脆,粘糊糊,咸和新鲜,我在一周的任何一天都在那不勒斯或纽约上放一块希腊披萨。

为了完善家里的风格,我必须一次浏览每个元素(奶酪,奶酪和地壳)。这是我发现的。

The Sauce

披萨酱不仅仅是披萨酱。就像在沿俄勒冈小径沿着俄勒冈州的步道沿途时决定是福特流还是四处走动一样,您必须了解周围的环境*。因此,对于纽约披萨,您会使用一种煮熟的,轻微的调味酱this one, while for a Neapolitan, you'd probably go with straight up San Marzano tomatoes blended with a bit of salt.

*Extra wagon wheels and time? Go around. Little Katie's got dysentery? Shore up that Prairie schooner and float'er across!

对于希腊披萨,您想要更深,更丰富,煮熟的番茄味。到达那里的最快方法?番茄酱。A cooked tomato product made by slowly reducing tomato juice, it has a distinct richness and slight metallic flavor.

对于我的第一次尝试,我在加入番茄酱之前煮了一些大蒜,大量的牛至干牛至和一小撮红辣椒片,最后是一罐碎西红柿。在让整个事情煮了一个小时之后,我品尝了它,而且……没有印象。

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煮熟是一回事,但这只是彻头彻尾的味道。烹饪时间较短,导致酱汁还不够富裕。我尝试调整糊状与破碎的西红柿的比例,这有点有帮助,但是事实证明,真正的钥匙是保留三分之一的压碎西红柿,然后我将酱汁煮下来,然后将它们加到末端。

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Like theBel-Air王子,我的酱汁突然发现自己都是新鲜的andrich!

奶酪

世界上很少有严重的比萨风格我一直认为使用马苏里拉奶酪作为基地,我一直认为这也是希腊披萨的首选奶酪。但是有些东西不太正确。希腊披萨上的奶酪不会融化相当与普通的马苏里拉奶酪一样,粘股也一样。似乎更容易破裂,只是油腻的一点,还有一个丹吉尔的启动。

Bottom Shelf correspondent Will Gordon当他问...

Do low-end "house of pizza" places all cut their mozz w/ cheddar? The one I worked at in high school did and it was pretty standard middle-of-the-road Massachusetts Greek crud, so I assume it's common enough, but having a hard time finding confirmation. (Not real cheddar, obviously, but a big block from Sysco; I think its job is to provide actual flavor, since the big block of Sysco mozz doesn't do anything but melt nice.)

好吧,威尔,我做了一些挖掘,并从至少两个不同的可靠来源中确认了,大多数披萨屋用切达干酪或普罗卧干酪切断了奶酪。朋友,生日快乐。

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A 50/50 ratio of whole milk mozzarella and sharp white cheddar proved to be the ideal mixfor my palate, though I must admit: I got a little fancy pants and added a grating of good Parmigiano-Reggiano to the top of my pies as well. (Don't tell the Greeks.)

The Dough

与酱汁一样,希腊风格的披萨外壳本身就是野兽。它不太像碎石,这有点更通风,也不像方派/奶奶风格, which is a bit too chewy. It's more likeNew York style,但显然要厚得多。它用油在锅中煮熟,以便底部可以炸锅也很重要。

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我发现面团的最简单/最佳方法是使用no-knead dough。That is, a dough that you bring together just minimally then allow to sit overnight at room temperature. Overnight, enzymes get to work breaking down long flour proteins into shorter ones, which then entangle themselves with one another to form the long, stretchy network of gluten which allows your dough to form those great airy, chewy bubbles.

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现在,通常,当您伸展面团时,您需要在面粉表面上进行操作,因为您将直接将拉伸的披萨外壳放在石头上。使用希腊披萨,您将将其放入涂有油脂的锅中,这意味着您可以将其伸展在涂有油脂的表面上(并在涂有油脂的碗中升起)。我发现所有这些都非常方便,因为油腻的面团棒比面粉面团少。

在让面团升起过夜之后,我将其踢起来,让它第二次在油脂碗中升起,将其伸展,将其转移到我的油脂披萨锅中,然后最后一次升起,然后再搭配和烘烤。

润滑并准备好了

Asides from the DL on the cheddar, Will's former life as a pie slinger also let me in on another bit of intel: perhaps it's not actually olive oil going into those pans.

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看,according to Will, the Greek pie pans he worked with were greased with Crisco. Interesting.

为什么要做这样的事情?好吧,有明显的成本因素。但是,让我们给皮特曼比这更多的信誉。蔬菜缩短也恰好是一种出色的煎炸培养基。每当您油炸时,无论是完美的炸薯条,炸鸡或天妇罗狗S*%T,其外壳的脆度与您使用的煎炸培养基类型直接相关。也就是说,您炸进的脂肪越高饱和,它越脆。任何曾经吃过用鸭子煮熟的土豆,或者更好的牛肉脂肪的人都可以证明这一点。比利时人用马脂肪发誓。我会说出他们的话。

想象一下,一个胖分子是一连串的康加舞者,每个人都用双手抓住他们面前的人的臀部。当每个人都用两只手握住(即脂肪完全饱和)时,线条非常不灵活,因此保持不动。现在想象一下,一个人决定在舞蹈进行时在手机上回答文字。粗鲁,是吗?他们举起一只手,突然在线路中造成了一个弱点。目前,这条线可以很容易地弯曲并形成扭结,而您的脂肪已经变成单不饱和。Now imagine that half the people in the line suddenly get text messages all at once (what are the chances?).你的脂肪现在是poly-unsaturated, and has gained the ability to become quite kinky indeed*。

*不,不那样

重点是什么?好吧,脂肪的直至较直,更容易将其包装成牢固的结构。每种脂肪或油都由饱和和不饱和脂肪分子的组合组成,因此there's a direct relationship between how firm a fat is and the ratio of its saturated to unsaturated fats。如此稀薄,易于倒入的脂肪(例如橄榄油或低芥酸菜籽油)相对较低,饱和脂肪相对较低,使其煎炸较差。另一端是花生油,在室温下是粘性的。它产生异常清脆的食物。

走得更远,即使在室温下,您也会发现脂肪也很固体。大多数动物脂肪都属于这一类氢化。(Essentially, hydrogen molecules are forcefully added to the fat chain—the equivalent of putting a text message blocker on all those cell phones.)**

TL; DR版本:脂肪越坚固,地壳越脆。

**饱和脂肪长期以来一直是不健康的脂肪notthe same as反式- 现在被认为是不健康的脂肪,并且是一种不饱和脂肪的特殊类型,其中康加线不仅弯曲,而且有一半的成员颠倒了。我无法证明任何营养信息的有效性,似乎每天都在发生变化。我只是做得很好。当然,适度。

This crust was baked in a pan greased with Crisco shortening:

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Crisp, thick, sturdy, almost flaky in texture. Sorely lacking in flavor.

另一方面,这是用橄榄油烤制的:

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美味又健壮,但并不像我想要的那样脆。

解决方案?橄榄油和酥油的混合物。

You all coming along with me here? Good, because we're in the home stretch.

Assembly and Baking

I tried baking pies in round cake pans (fine, if you want to kinda wreck your cake pans with the high heat), in springform pans (bad idea, unless you enjoy oil dripping out onto the floor of your oven), and pie pans (works ok, but the pies are quite small) before finally settling on my old stand-by:the cast-iron pan.(是的,如果您没有铸铁,可以使用防烤箱不粘锅。或者只是得到铸铁锅。认真。)

它们坚固,吸引人,非常适合加热,几乎是无敌和不粘的。基本上,我对妻子的所有素质都相同。

浓密涂抹酱汁...

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...而且奶酪甚至更厚,确保将其散布到非常边的边缘(我们想要在外壳边缘的好烧焦的奶酪碎片...

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...然后烘烤!500°F烤箱中的15至20分钟,您已经得到了:

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I know, right?

现在,由于铸铁锅的厚度,以及烤箱热的方式,很有可能您的馅饼的底部不会相当在完成顶部时,您会喜欢它。

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我的可以使用更多的褐变。

The beauty of cooking in a pan is that if your bottom ain't done enough, alls you gotta do is drop it right on top of the stove and cook it over moderately low heat until the bottom is just as crisp, charred, or downright burnt as you'd like.

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暴露于Great Heek Pizza的世界上的人数非常小,我告诉您,这是一个很棒的东西。足够好,您甚至可以说服您的意大利朋友,也许意大利是not所有与食物相关的事物时,一切都结束了。

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好的,也许不太好。但是你明白了。

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还有一张图片,可以很好地衡量:

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最后一个注意:希腊披萨确实notreheat well, nor does it even sit well. It must be consumed within the first fifteen minutes after it comes out of the oven. I have a feeling that this won't a problem for most people.

»» Get the full recipe here!

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